Timeline 1944

January

January 3rd - In southern Russia, the 1st Tank Army is approaching Uman and the 3rd Guards Tank Army is approaching Vinnitsa. The 3rd Ukrainian Front is assaulting Kirovograd with its 5th Guards, 7th Guards and 53rd Armies, tying down elements of the 40th Panzer and 52nd Corps in the process.

January 5th - In southern Russia, the 3rd Guards Tank and 18th Armies capture Berdichev. The 2nd Ukrainian Front opens its offensive against the German 8th Army in the western Ukraine. Its 4th Guards, 52nd and 53rd Armies attack in the Kirovograd sector, with the 5th and 7th Guards Armies attacking further south.

January 8th - In southern Russia, the 2nd Ukrainian Fronts 5th Guards Tank Army, captures Kirovograd.

January 10th - In central Russia, the Belorussian Front's 61st and 70th Armies, launch a minor offensive against the German 2nd Army.
In southern Russia, the 3rd Ukrainian Front commences its offensive against the German 6th Army in the Dnepr elbow.

January 11th - In southern Russia, the 4th Ukrainian Front begins its offensive in the Dnepr elbow, its 3rd Guards and 5th Shock Armies attacking the positions of the German 4th and 17th Corps.

January 12th - In northern Russia, the 1st Baltic Front's 3rd Shock and 10th Guards Armies launch an attack against the German 16th Army near Novosokolinikov.
In southern Russia, the Russian 13th Army captures Sarny and the 60th Army approaches Shepetovka. There is also fierce fighting around Nikopol as the 3rd Guards and 6th Armies continue their advance westwards.

January 14th - In northern Russia, the offensive by the Leningrad and Volkhov Fronts to free Leningrad begins. The 2nd Shock Army launches an assault from the Oranienbaum bridgehead against the 3rd SS Panzer Corps.

January 15th - The 42nd and 67th Armies join the offensive around Leningrad, launching attacks against the German 54th and 26th Corps. As the offensive gains momentum, the Russian 8th Army advances towards Mga, the 54th Army towards Lyuban and the 59th Army towards Novgorod.

January 19th - The 2nd Shock and 42nd Armies join up at Ropsha, finally breaking the Leningrad siege. Elements of the 42nd Army also captures Krasnoye Selo, while the 59th Army surrounds elements of the German 38th Corps in Novgorod.

January 20th - The remnants of the Novgorod garrison, including elements of the 1st Luftwaffe Field and 28th Infantry Divisions, break out and evacuate the city.

January 21st - Elements of the 8th Army capture Mga.

January 24th - In northern Russia, the Russian 2nd Shock Army cuts the railway line to Narva, while elements of the 42nd Army captures Pushkin and Pashovsk.
Meanwhile, in southern Russia, Russian forces begin the Korsun-Shevchenkovskii operation against German 11th and 42nd Corps, which were occupying the Cherkassy salient. The operation is mounted by the 1st Ukrainian Front's 27th Army which assaults the western perimeter of the salient, while the 2nd Ukrainian Front's 4th Guards, 52nd and 53rd Armies attack further to the east.

January 28th - In northern Russia, the 54th Army captures Lyuban as Army Group North continues its withdrawal to the River Luga.
In southern Russia, elements of the 1st and 2nd Ukrainian Fronts meet at Zvenigorodka and complete the encirclement of the 11th and 42nd Corps in the Cherkassy Pocket.

January 29th - In northern Russia, elements of the 54th Army recapture Chudovo, while units of the 1st Baltic Front liberate Novosokolinikov.
In southern Russia, the German 13th and 59th Corps are forced back as elements of the 13th and 60th Armies reach and cross the Styr River.

January 30th - In southern Russia the 3rd and 4th Ukrainian Fronts open the Nikopol-Krivoi Rog operation. The 3rd Ukrainian Front's 6th, 8th, 37th and 46th Armies assault from Krivoi Rog, while 4th Ukrainian Front's 3rd Guards, 5th Shock and 28th Armies attack the Nikopol bridgehead.

February

February 1st - In northern Russia, the 2nd Shock Army captures Kingisepp, as the 59th Army drives into the right flank of the retreating 18th Army, despite the efforts of the German 1st Corps, which mounts an ineffective counterattack in an attempt to slow the Russian advance.
Meanwhile, in southern Russia, the 47th Panzer Corps begins its relief attempt of the Cherkassy pocket.

February 3rd - In northern Russia, the 3rd SS Panzer Corps finally manages to hold the River Narva line against attacks by the 2nd Shock Army.

February 5th - In southern Russia, the 13th and 60th Armies capture Rovno and Lutsk, while the 46th Army liberates Apostolovo.

February 7th - In southern Russia, the 3rd Guards and 6th Armies capture Nikopol, while the 8th Guards and 46th Armies drive into the rear of the German 6th Army.

February 13th - In northern Russia, the 54th, 59th and 67th Armies complete the capture of Luga, Polna and Lyady. STAVKA disbands the Volkhov Front and incorporates its units into the Leningrad Front.
In southern Russia, German forces inside the Cherkassy pocket capture Shenderovka, while outside the pocket elements of the 3rd Panzer Corps are held at Lysyanka.

February 16th - German forces trapped in the Cherkassy pocket begin their desperate attempt to break out.

February 18th - In northern Russia, the 1st Shock Army captures Staraya Russa.

February 22nd - Elements of the 1st Shock and 54th Armies capture Dno.
In southern Russia, the 3rd Guards and 5th Shock Armies capture Krivoi Rog.


March

T-34 85This vehicle was introduced in an effort to match the firepower of heavier German tanks. It was fitted with the 85mm ZIS-53 gun. The size of the vehicle chassis was increased slightly in order to mount an enlarged cast turret, which housed the new gun. The number of crew was increased to three, improving the vehicles operational efficiency and the main armour thickness was again increased to 120mm.

 

March 4th - In southern Russia, the 1st Ukrainian Front opens its Proskurov-Chernovits offensive against the 1st Panzer and 4th Armies. Elements of the 1st Guards and 60th Armies rapidly break through the German lines.

March 5th - In southern Russia, the 2nd Ukrainian Front opens the Uman-Botoshany Offensive. Its 5th Guards Army, supported by the 2nd Tank and 5th Guards Tank Armies, attack the right flank of the German 8th Army.

March 6th - In southern Russia, the 3rd Ukrainian Front's Bereznegovatoe-Snigirovka offensive begins. The 8th Guards and 46th Armies attack the junction of the German 8th and 6th Armies.

March 8th - Following secret meetings, the Finns reject the offer of a Russian armistice on account of the harshness of Moscow's terms.

March 10th - The 1st Guards Army is involved in fierce fighting at Tarnopol. Uman is captured by elements of the 2nd Tank Army as the 3rd Ukrainian Front heads for the River Bug.

March 11th - In southern Russia, the 48th Panzer Corps counterattacks the 1st Ukrainian Front at Cherny Ostrov, temporarily halting the Russian advance. The 2nd Ukrainian's Fronts 2nd Tank Army crosses the River Bug at Dzhulinka while the 6th Tank Army also forces a crossing at Grayvoron.

March 14th - In southern Russia, the Russian 8th and 28th Armies link up at Nikolayev, trapping elements of the 29th Corps.

March 19th - In southern Russia, the 47th Army captures Kovel, while the 2nd Tank Army liberates Soroki and the 6th Tank Army reaches the River Dniester. The 1st Panzer Army is facing encirclement between Mogilev Podolsky and Tarnopol.
German forces occupy Hungary, following reports that the countries government and armed forces have been clandestinely dealing with the enemy. With the possibility that Hungary might conclude a separate peace, Hitler has ordered its occupation and attempts to force its government to increase its contribution to the war effort. The prime minister, Miklos Kallay flees to Turkey and the Germans install Dome Sztojay, a pro-Nazi, to become the new prime minister.

March 20th - In southern Russia, the 1st and 4th Tank Armies capture Vinnitsa, while the 6th Tank Army liberates Mogilev Podolsky.

March 24th - The 1st Tank Army reaches the River Dniester at Zaleschik, effectively cutting off the western escape route of the 1st Panzer Army. The 40th Army reaches the River Prut near Lipkany.

March 27th - The 4th Tank Army captures Kamenets Podolsk, completing the encirclement of the 1st Panzer Army.

March 28th - The 6th Tank Army reaches Khotin, while the 1st Guards Army finally breaks into Tarnopol.


April

IS-2 Model 1944This improved variant of the vehicle was introduced following combat experience, which showed that the original version suffered from internal armour flaking when hit. The vehicle featured a redesigned hull with a straightened glacis plate, which was sloped at 60°. The vehicle retained the 122mm D-25T gun which was mounted in a new turret with a widened porthole and improved armour protection on the tank's mantlet.

 

April 2nd - In southern Russia, the 4th Tank Army crosses the River Prut near Chernovtsy.

April 4th - In southern Russia, the 59th Corps recaptures Kovel. In the Kamenets Pocket, the 1st Panzer Army strikes west to link up with the relief attack of the 1st and 2nd SS Panzer Corps.

April 7th - Elements of the 1st Panzer Army links up with the two SS corps at Buchach.

April 8th - In southern Russia, the Russians begin their Crimean Offensive. The 4th Ukrainian Front attacks the German 11th, 50th and 336th Infantry Divisions and the Romanian 10th Infantry Division of the 17th Army.

April 9th - In southern Russia, the 5th Shock, 6th and 8th Guards Armies begin their assault on Odessa and capture most of the city by the day's end.

April 10th - In the Crimea, the German 49th Mountain Corps begins to give ground following heavy attacks by elements of the 2nd Guards Army. The 51st Army breaks through the positions of the Romanian 10th Division.

April 13th - In the Crimea, the 51st Army has reached the outskirts of Simferopol, Feodosia falls to forces of the Independent Coastal Army and the 2nd Guards Army captures Evatoria.

April 16th - In Poland, the remnants of the surrounded garrison at Tarnopol begin their attempt to breakout, but the operation is a disaster and most of the German troops are either killed or captured.

April 17th - In the Crimea, elements of the Independent Coastal Army begin their assault on the southern perimeter of the port of Sevastopol. German forces begin to evacuate the city by sea.


May

May 7th - To the north of Sevastopol, the 51st Army launches an attack against the 5th Corps on the Sapun Heights and breaks into the Inkerman Valley.

May 8th - As elements of the 51st Army break into Sevastopol, the German garrison retreats to the Khersonese Peninsula. The city falls the next day.

May 12th - The German defence collapses on the Khersonese Peninsula. The remnants of the German 17th Army surrenders to Russian forces.

May 31st - Aircraft of the US 15th Air Force mount a bombing raid against oil refineries and communications targets in the Ploesti area of Romania.


June

JagdpantherThis vehicle was based on the standard Panther chassis, with the superstructure being an extension of the upper front hull. The new superstructure housed the fighting compartment, in which was mounted the 88mm Pak 43/3 L/71 gun, fitted into a 100mm armored mantlet.

 

June 6th - As part of the ongoing Operation Frantic, American aircraft of the US 15th Air Force, operating from Italy, attack the airfield at Galati in Romania and then return to Russian airfields.

June 10th - In Finland, the Russians Karelian Offensive begins. The 21st Army opens the attack and drives Finnish forces back across the Sestra River.

June 13th - In Finland, the 23rd Army joins the offensive capturing Terijiko and Yalkena.

June 19th - In preparation for the forthcoming operation Bagration, Partisan forces operating behind Army Group Centre begin concentrated attacks against German railway lines, communication centres and supply facilities. Their main effort is directed against the supply lines of the 3rd Panzer Army. The operation is highly successful, causing considerable disruption in the German rear areas.

June 20th - In Finland, the Russian 59th Army captures Viipuri and then continues its advance via Tali and Vuosalmi, towards the Bay of Viipuri.

June 21st - In Finland, forces of the Russian Karelian Front begin their offensive against German positions along the Svir River, with elements of the 7th and 32nd Armies leading the assault.

June 22nd - In central Russia, operation Bagration begins, with the aim of destroying Army Group Center and eliminating the large German salient in Belorussia that bulges into the east.
Russian forces assembled for the offensive comprise, on the northern flank, the 1st Baltic Front consisting of the 4th Shock, 6th and 43rd Armies. To the south stands the 3rd Belorussian Front, formed from the 5th, 5th Guards Tank, 11th Guards, 31st and 39th Armies. In the center is the 2nd Belorussian Front, which is comprised of the 33rd, 49th and 50th Armies. To its south is the 1st Belorussian Front, which consists of the 3rd, 28th, 48th, 61st and 65th Armies.
The 1st Baltic and 3rd Belorussian Fronts are tasked with breaking into the flanks of the 3rd Panzer Army, with the 3rd Belorussian Front striking towards Minsk, while the 1st Belorussian Front will attempt to encircle the German 9th Army at Bobruisk and then join up with the 3rd Belorussian at Minsk.
Army Group Center, occupying the salient, consists of the 3rd Panzer Army in the north around Vitebsk, comprised by the 6th, 9th and 53rd Corps, the 4th Army in the center around Mogilev, consisting of the 12th, 27th and 39th Corps, the 9th Army in the south around Bobruisk, comprised by the 35th, 41st and 55th Corps and the 2nd Army to the south west of Minsk, which consists of the 8th, 20th and 23rd Corps.
The operation is preceded by massive air and artillery bombardments and the German 6th and 9th Corps are quickly forced to retreat, as the front is breached around Vitebsk. By the end of the day the 3rd Panzer Army's flanks have been largely destroyed.
In southern Russia, the Luftwaffe launches a surprise air raid against the US air base at Poltava. The 15th Air Force suffers heavy losses in aircraft and material. The incident further sours US-Soviet relations.
In Finland, following continued Russian successes, the Finnish Government reopens contacts with Moscow in an effort to bring hostilities to an end.

June 23rd - In central Russia, the 6th Guards and 43rd Armies break through the German lines and head for the Dvina River, cutting the road west out of Vitebsk. The German 6th Corps suffers heavy losses, while near Orsha the 5th, 11th Guards and 31st Armies pressure the German 27th Corps. The 2nd Belorussian Front's 33rd, 49th and 50th Armies attack the German 4th Army as they advance towards Orsha and Mogilev.

June 24th - As Bagration continues, the 6th Guards and 43rd Armies cross the River Dvina, brushing aside a counterattack by the German 9th Corps. The German 6th Corps has been largely destroyed by the 39th Army and the 53rd Corps is now isolated in Vitebsk.
The 1st Belorussian Front opens its offensive with the 3rd and 8th Armies, which quickly overwhelm the German 35th Corps. Soon the junction of the 4th and 9th Armies is being prized apart by the Russian 3rd Army, prompting a counterattack by the 20th Panzer Division in an attempt to restore the situation. To the south, the 41st Corps is also forced to retreat.

June 25th - As the 43rd and 39th Armies converge to the west of Vitebsk, the 53rd Corps attempts to break out to the south west of the city.
Further south around Mogilev, the 49th and 50th Armies overcome the German 39th Corps. The 1st Belorussian Front's 3rd and 48th Armies outflank the 35th Corps, as the counterattack by the 20th Panzer Division in support of it fails.

June 26th - The Russian 39th Army captures Vitebsk, destroying the remnants of the 53rd Corps. The German 4th Army begins to withdraw back towards the Berezina River in disorder, pursued by the 5th Guards Tank Army, which captures Tolochin. Further north, Orsha falls to the 11th Guards and 31st Armies as the 49th Army forces a crossing of the Dnepr. In the south the 9th Army begins to collapse and the 35th Corps becomes encircled at Bobruisk.

June 27th - In Finland the Russian 7th Army captures Petrozavodsk as the Finns continue to fall back east of Lake Ladoga.
In central Russia, the remnants of the 9th Corps are withdrawing back towards Polotsk, with the 6th Guards Army in pursuit. The Russian 3rd Army halts a breakout attempt by elements of the 35th Corps from Bobruisk.
Further north, the 5th Panzer Division mounts a counter attack against the 5th Guards Tank Army near Borisov.

June 28th - As Russian forces drive west, the 1st Baltic Front's 43rd Army captures Lepel, while the 2nd Belorussian Front's 49th and 50th Armies capture Mogilev. The 5th Guards Tank Army reaches the Berezina River and forces a crossing.

June 29th - The German 4th Army withdraws back across the River Drut, but the remnants of the 35th Corps fails to break out of Bobruisk.

June 30th - The Russian 11th Guards and 5th Guards Tank Armies join up at Borisov, cutting off the German 4th Army east of the Berezina River.

PzKfw IV JThis was the final variant of the PzKfw IV and was introduced in an effort to simplify production methods. The electric turret drive with auxiliary generator set was removed, which resulted in the turret having to be traversed manually by hand. The generator was replaced by a 200l fuel tank, improving the vehicles combat range to over 300km. The number of return rollers supporting the tracks were reduced to three and a number of hard to manufacture items were also deleted.


July

HetzerThe Marder was introduced as a light tank destroyer to replace existing vehicles such as the Marder and less mobile towed anti-tank artillery. Built on a widened PzKfw 38(t) chassis and fitted with a modified suspension, the vehicle featured a low, well-sloped hull of welded construction, which was mounted with the 75mm Pak 39 L/48 gun.

 

July 2nd - The 5th Guards Tank and 31st Armies reach the eastern outskirts of Minsk, while the 3rd Army approaches the city from the south.

July 3rd - Minsk falls to units of the 4th Guards Tank Brigade.

July 4th - In northern Russia, the 1st Baltic Front's 4th Shock Army captures Polotsk, thus endangering the flank of the German 16th Army.

July 6th - In central Russia, elements of the Russian 47th Army capture the Ukrainian city of Kovel.

July 10th - In Latvia, the 3rd Shock and 10th Guards Armies launch an attack against the German 16th Army, while further south the 2nd Guards and 4th Shock Armies advance to link up with the 6th Guards Army at Daugavpils.

July 12th - The 3rd Shock, 4th and 10th Guards Armies, force an 80km gap in the 16th Army's front.
In Lithuania, elements of the 5th Army enter Vilnius, while the 11th Guards Army forces a crossing of the River Niemen.

July 13th - In southern Russia, the 1st Ukrainian Front, consisting of the 1st Guards, 1st Guards Tank, 3rd Guards, 3rd Guards Tank, 4th Tank, 5th Guards, 13th, 18th, 38th and 60th Armies, begins the Lvov-Sandomir offensive against Army Group North Ukraine, in the areas of Brody, Zolochev and Radekhov.

July 14th - In central Russia, elements of the 61st Army capture Pinsk, while the 31st Army crosses the Niemen River at Grodno.
In southern Russia, elements of the 1st Belorussian Front begin an attack against the northern flank of the 4th Panzer Army.


July 15th - In northern Russia, the 10th Guards Army captures the town of Opochka.
In southern Russia, the 3rd Guards Tank and 4th Tank Armies are counterattacked by the 46th and 48th Panzer Corps, respectively.

July 17th - In northern Russia, elements of the 3rd Baltic Front commence operations against Army Group North, with the 1st Shock Army capturing Sebezh and the 22nd Army liberating Osveya.
In southern Russia, the 1st Guards Tank Army crosses the River Bug near Sokal, while the 4th Tank and 38th Armies are engaged in heavy fighting to the east of Lvov.

July 18th - In Poland, elements of the 31st Army cross the East Prussian border.
In southern Russia, the 1st Belorussian Front begins the Lublin-Brest offensive against the 4th Panzer Army. The Polish 1st and Russian 8th Guards Armies breach the German front north of Kovel. To the south, the 1st Guards Army approaches Stanislav, and the 4th Tank Army captures Olshantsa. The 13th and 38th Armies join up and surround elements of the 13th Corps near Brody.

July 20th - In northern Russia, the 1st Shock Army breaches the front of the German 18th Army near Ostrov.
In southern Russia, the 4th Panzer Army is forced to retreat as the 8th Guards Army reaches the River Bug. A relief attack by the 48th Panzer Corps towards the Brody Pocket fails.
In Germany, an attempt to assassinate Hitler by a group of German officers, led by Claus Schenk von Stauffenberg, is thwarted. A bomb planted in the conference room at Rastenburg narrowly fails to kill the Führer.

July 21st - In Finland, the 32nd Army reaches the Finnish border.
In northern Russia, the 1st Shock Army captures Ostrov.
In Poland, the 2nd Tank Army reaches the River Vistula.
In southern Russia, an attempt by the remnants of the 13th Corps to break out of the Brody Pocket fails.

July 22nd - In northern Russia, the 42nd Army captures Pskov while the 51st Army liberates Panevesus, as Army Group North continues its withdrawal.
In Poland, the 2nd Tank Army captures Chelm.
In southern Russia, the remaining German forces in the Brody Pocket surrender.

July 23rd - In Poland, the 65th Army approaches Brest-Litovsk, while the 8th Guards and 2nd Tank Armies enter Lublin and engage in fierce fighting with elements of the 4th Panzer Army defending the city. The 1st Guards Tank Army crosses the River San near Yaroslav.


July 24th - In Poland, the 1st Panzer Army begins to withdraw from Lvov, while the 3rd Guards Tank Army liberates Yavorov.

July 25th - In northern Russia, the Narva Operational Group, in conjunction with the 2nd Shock Army, launch an attack against the 3rd Panzer Corps and force it to abandon Narva and withdraw westwards towards the Tannenberg Line.
In Poland, the 2nd Tank and Polish 1st Armies reach the Vistula River near Deblin.

July 27th - In Latvia, the 4th Shock Army captures Daugavpils, while the 10th Guards Army captures Rezekne.
In Lithuania, elements of the 3rd Panzer Army withdraw from Siauliai as the town is captured by the 51st Army.
In Poland, the 28th, 65th and 70th Armies encircle the German 2nd Army in Brest-Litovsk. The 69th Army reaches the Vistula River at Pulawy.

July 29th - In Lithuania, the advance of the 51st Army from Siauliai threatens to cut off the German 16th and 18th Armies in Latvia and Estonia, while the 5th Army captures Vilnius.
In Poland, the 39th Panzer Corps launches a counter attack against the 2nd Tank Army at Wolomin. The 3rd Guards Tank Army establishes a bridgehead over the Vistula at Sandomierz.

July 30th - In Lithuania, the 5th Army battles its way into Kaunas.
In Poland, the 1st Guards Tank and 13th Armies cross the Vistula at Baranow.

July 31st - In Finland, the Karelian and Leningrad Fronts advance to the Finnish border.
In Latvia, the 51st Army reaches the Baltic to the west of the city of Riga, thus cutting off the German 16th and 18th Armies.
In Lithuania, the 5th Army captures Kaunas.
In Poland, the 47th Army captures Siedlce, while the 2nd Tank Army enters the Praga suburb of Warsaw, where it is then counterattacked by the 39th and 4th SS Panzer Corps.


August

August 1st - In Finland, President Ryti resigns, his place being taken by Marshal Mannerheim. The Finns hope this will facilitate negotiations with the Russians.
In Poland, the Home Army begins its uprising in Warsaw, led by General Tadeusz Komorowski.

August 2nd - The Home Army fails to capture Okacie airfield. Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski is appointed commander of the German forces ordered to crush the revolt in the city.
The 69th Army crosses the Vistula River at Pulawy.

August 4th - In Latvia, the encircled 16th Army launches an ineffectual counterattack against the 51st Army at Jelgava.
In Poland, the Home Army now controls the Mokotow, Czerniakow, Powisle, Old Town and Zoliborz districts of Warsaw.

August 5th - In Latvia, the 4th Shock Army is advances along the River Dvina towards Riga, despite delaying actions being fought by elements of the 18th Army.
In Poland, the 19th Panzer Division launches a counterattack against the 8th Guards Army in the Magnuszew bridgehead.

August 10th - In Poland, the 3rd and 48th Armies cross the River Narew near Bialystok.

August 14th - In Latvia, the 3rd Panzer Army launches a counter attack in the direction of Riga, pushing back elements of the 51st Army.

August 17th - In Latvia, the 16th Army supports 3rd Panzer Army by attacking south of Jelgava. As a result, the 2nd Guards and 51st Armies are thrown on to the defensive.
In eastern Prussia, the 33rd Army establishes a bridgehead over the River Sesupe.

August 19th - In Latvia, the 3rd Shock Army is halted at the River Oger, following a counter attack by elements of the German 18th Army.
In Romania, the 2nd and 3rd Ukrainian Fronts launch probing attacks around Jassy and Tiraspol, in preparation for the Jassy-Kishinev Offensive. This will be STAVKA's attempt to destroy German and Romanian forces in Romania, capture the Ploesti oil fields and then move into Bulgaria.
The 2nd Ukrainian Front comprises the 4th Guards, 6th Tank, 7th, 27th, 40th, 52nd and 53rd Armies. The 3rd Ukrainian Front consists of the 5th Shock, 37th, 46th and 57th Armies.
German forces facing the offensive consist of Army Group South Ukraine. The Army Group is comprised by the German 6th and 8th Armies and the Romanian 3rd and 4th Armies.

August 20th - The Jassy-Kishinev Offensive begins. The 2nd Ukrainian Front launches heavy attacks against the Romanian 4th Army, rapidly breaching the forward positions of its 4th and 6th Corps around Jassy.
The 3rd Ukrainian Front enjoys similar success, with elements of the 37th, 46th and 57th Armies breaking through the positions of the German 30th and 29th Corps, while the 5th Shock Army attacks the 52nd Corps at Kishinev.

August 21st - The 52nd Army captures Jassy, while the remnants of the German 6th Army begin a general withdrawal to the River Prut.

August 22nd - In Romania, the 4th Guards and 52nd Armies have captured Kastuleni and Ungeny, while the 46th Army has brushed aside the German 29th Corps to drive deep into the German rear.
In response to impending military disaster, the Romanians depose Antonescu and place him under arrest. Orders are issued to Romanian units to either stop fighting, surrender to the Russians or disband and go home, many Romanian units having already deserted en masse to the Red Army.

August 24th - In Romania, the link-up between the 37th and 52nd Armies between Husi and Leovo completes the encirclement of the German 6th Army, while Kishinev is captured by the 5th Shock Army.

August 25th - The Finnish Government agrees armistice terms with Moscow, which are conditional with German forces leaving Finnish territory by September the 15th.
In Estonia, Tartu is liberated by the 67th Army.
In Romania, the Government declares war on Germany and orders all German troops to be disarmed and imprisoned.

August 29th - In Romania, Group Meith is destroyed, signalling the collapse of the German 6th Army. Meanwhile the Russian 57th Army captures Constanta, while the 46th Army liberates Buzau.
In Slovakia, widespread guerrilla activity by Slovak partisans against German targets, results in the Germans moving troops into Slovakia. This action prompts the outbreak of the Slovak national uprising.
In Hungary, Admiral Horthy removes the pro-Nazi Szotaj government and replaces it with the pro-Soviet Lakatos regime.

August 30th - In Poland, the Home Army in Warsaw is forced out of the Old Town, using the sewers to escape to the city centre and Zoliborz.
In Romania, the 2nd Ukrainian Front's 5th Mechanized Corps captures the Ploesti oil fields.

August 31st - In Romania, the 53rd Army captures Bucharest, the Romanian capital.


September

Su-100This vehicle was introduced to replace the SU-85. It retained the same chassis and superstructure as the SU-85, but was fitted with a 100mm D10-S gun. This was a naval gun which was reengineered for use in the anti tank role.

 

September 2nd - The Finnish government breaks off diplomatic relations with Germany and demands the exit of its forces from the country by September the 15th.

September 4th - In Romania, elements of the 53rd Army capture Brasov and Senaia and reach the River Danube at Turnu Severin.

September 5th - The Hungarian 2nd Army is involved in heavy fighting against the Romanian 4th Army, which is now fighting alongside the Red Army near Sibiu.
Russia declares war on Bulgaria, which surrenders immediately.

September 8th - In Poland, the 38th Army begins operations to break through the Dukla Pass in the Carpathian mountains. The defending 1st Panzer Army resists stubbornly.

September 14th - In Latvia, the Russians begin their Baltic Offensive against the German 16th and 18th Armies between Riga and Narva.
The formations involved are the Leningrad Front's 2nd Shock, 8th and 59th Armies, the 1st Baltic Front's 2nd Guards, 4th Shock, 6th Guards, 39th, 43rd and 51st Armies, 2nd Baltic Front's 3rd Shock, 10th Guards and 22nd Armies and the 3rd Baltic Front's 1st Shock, 42nd, 54th and 67th Armies.

September 16th - In Latvia, the 3rd Panzer Army launches a counter attack against the 5th Guards and 51st Armies, aimed at joining up with the 16th and 18th Armies. In conjunction, elements of the 16th Army also initiate counterattacks against the Russian 22nd Army at Dobele.
In Hungary, the Hungarian 2nd and German 8th Armies launch attacks against the Romanian 4th and Russian 7th Guards and 40th Armies east of Cluj.

September 19th - In Estonia, the 2nd Shock and 8th Armies join together to the northwest of Lake Peipus.
In Latvia, the 1st Shock Army captures Valk.

September 22nd - In Estonia, the 8th and 59th Armies capture Tallinn, as the 3rd Panzer Army abandons its attack in support of the 16th and 18th Armies.

September 23rd - In Estonia, the 2nd Shock Army captures Parnu.

September 24th - Inside Warsaw, the situation is becoming desperate for the remnants of the Home Army, which are still fighting despite shortages of food, ammunition and medical supplies.
Army Group North Ukraine is renamed Army Group A, while Army Group South Ukraine becomes Army Group South.

September 28th - In Hungary, the Russians Belgrade offensive begins. The 57th Army attacks from Vidin, but meets strong resistance from elements of Army Group F.


October

October 2nd - All fighting in Warsaw is halted and the 63-day siege ends. The Polish Home Army finally surrenders, only after all its food and ammunition has run out. The Germans recognise their valour and treat the survivors not as Partisans, but as regular POW's.

October 5th - The 1st Baltic Front begins an offensive to the south of Riga in an effort to cut off Army Group North in Lithuania.

October 10th - The Russians reach the Baltic at Memel, cutting off Army Group North in the Kurland pocket.
The German Army puts down the rebellion against the Tiso government in Slovakia.

October 13th - Elements of the 3rd Shock Army capture Riga, the capital of Latvia, as Army Group North withdraws in to the Kurland pocket.


November

November 3rd - In Hungary, the 46th Army, having defeated the 22nd SS Cavalry Division, enters the outer defences of Budapest.

November 7th - In Hungary, the 57th Army crosses the River Danube near Batina and Apatin, while the 4th Guards Army advances towards Lakes Velencei and Balaton.

November 21st - In Hungary, the 46th Army finally establishes a bridgehead on the Danube, at Csepel Island, and begins moving units across the river.

November 22nd - In Estonia, the Russian 8th Army clears Yezel Island of enemy forces, bringing to an end the campaign in the Moonzund Islands.

November 26th - In Hungary, elements of the 6th Guards Tank Army capture Hatvan.


December

December 2nd - In Hungary, with Budapest and the Hungarian oil fields at Nagykanitza under threat, the 2nd Panzer Army is deployed to the south of Lake Balaton, while the 6th Army is deployed to the north between the lake and Hatvan and the German 8th Army farther north near Miskolc.

December 5th - In Hungary, the 2nd Ukrainian Front's 6th Guards Tank, 7th Guards Armies and Group Pliev, launch an attack to the northeast of Budapest. To the south of the city, the 46th Army forces a crossing of the River Danube.

December 9th - In Hungary, the 46th Army captures Ercsi, joining up with the 4th Guards Army near Lake Velencei. The 6th Guards Tank Army reaches the River Danube at Vac and repulses a counterattack by the Feldherrnhalle and 13th Panzer Divisions.

December 13th - In Hungary, the 7th Guards Army is approaching the northern suburbs of Budapest.

December 20th - In Hungary, the 6th Guards Army reaches the River Hron.

December 23rd - The 4th Guards and 46th Armies are approaching the western outskirts of Budapest, after halting a counter attack by the 8th Panzer Division.

December 27th - Russian forces capture Gran, completing the encirclement of German and Hungarian units in Budapest. The garrison comprises the Hungarian 1st Corps and the German 11th SS Cavalry Corps, as well as elements of the 13th and the Feldherrnhalle Panzer Division's.